Special glass is a kind of glass with special function through
light, electricity, magnetism, heat and chemistry. It is the key and
basic material of important production and life. Due to the incomparable
high and new characteristics of ordinary glass, special glass occupies
an irreplaceable position in the field of modern science and technology,
and its outstanding characteristics are closely related to the emerging
industries and national defense needs. At present, more and more
attention has been paid to the development and application of high
performance special glass materials in the world. The research and
production level of special glass has become one of the important signs
of the material development level of a country.
Here are a brief introduction to 5 typical types of special glass materials.
1. through infrared glass
Infrared
material is the foundation of infrared technology industry, and the
development of infrared technology is the precursor and symbol of
infrared material development. At present, the infrared materials are
mainly divided into single crystal, polycrystalline and infrared glass
according to their shape, properties and preparation methods. Infrared
glass not only has better infrared transmittance, excellent optical
homogeneity, higher mechanical strength, but also has low manufacturing
cost, simple optical processing technology, and can be processed into
complex shaped products and attracted much attention.
At present,
infrared glass is widely used in infrared detection technology and
infrared imaging technology as windows, lenses, fairing and so on. Since
90s of last century, western developed countries, Russia, the United
States and Britain have invested heavily in research on infrared and
infrared photoelectric glass, glass material assembled in key model
aircraft (term "photoelectric" provided by industry Encyclopedia)
detection system, greatly enhance the combat capability.
For
example, the development of large size U.S. Naval Research Laboratory
(00mm) barium gallium germanate glass infrared pod and Moscow Technical
Glass Research Institute developed caliber (250mm calcium aluminate
glass dome have mass equipment of airborne photoelectric radar system.
2. radiation resistant glass
Radiation
resistant glass is a kind of special glass with small attenuation of
visible light transmittance after irradiation by high energy ray or
particle bombardment. Radiation resistant glass has many advantages,
such as good radiation stability, light transmittance and stable
physical and chemical properties. It is mainly used as window material
in aerospace, nuclear industry and medicine.
At present, the
United States Corning company and British Pilkington company in the
world leading level in the field of research and production of radiation
resistant glass, they are used with the method of melt directly after
drawing, the surface of the glass plate production width reaches 400mm.
The minimum thickness is 0.05mm, the forming surface is a free surface,
the bending strength of glass (entry "the flexural strength" provided by
industry Encyclopedia) reached 130 150MPa.
3. special dispersive glass
Most
optical glasses are in a straight line in the relation graph of
relative chromatic dispersion 22 and Abbe number v. This line is called
the normal line". Special dispersive glass is a kind of optical glass
far away from the normal line. The main performance characteristics of
special dispersion glass is relative partial dispersion deviation,
optical system in combination with other glass can reduce the number of
optical glass lenses, simplify the system structure, it is particularly
important to eliminate the spectrum level two, improve the image quality
and geometric accuracy, meet the performance of long focal length and
wide field of view and high the precision requirements of the optical
system.
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